Retired school buses converted into recreational vehicles are called skoolies. The term can describe the converted bus itself, as well as the owners and enthusiasts involved in the skoolie community.
A conversion may be simple, with a bed and basic cooking equipment, or elaborate enough to resemble a purpose-built motorhome. Owners commonly remove school equipment, redesign the interior, add insulation, install electrical and water systems, and sometimes change the exterior paint and markings. Full-size buses and smaller “short buses” are both used.
Skoolies are not automatically factory-built RVs. Registration and conversion requirements vary by jurisdiction; some places require school-bus signs, warning lights, or yellow paint to be removed before retitling. The name is also broader than “motorcoach,” which usually refers to a purpose-built passenger coach rather than a former school bus.