What term describes the 1987 global stock-market crash that began on October 19?

Black Monday describes the 1987 global stock-market crash that began on October 19.

On that Monday, stock markets around the world fell sharply. The Dow Jones Industrial Average dropped 22.6% in a single session, its largest one-day percentage decline. Markets in Hong Kong, Europe, Australia, and other regions also suffered major losses, making the event international rather than purely American.

Analysts have identified several contributing factors, including overvaluation, rising interest rates, trade tensions, portfolio insurance, and program trading. No single explanation accounts for every market’s movement. Unlike the 1929 crash, the 1987 collapse was followed by a relatively quick recovery in economic activity and market levels.

The name can be confused with Black Tuesday, which usually refers to October 29, 1929. Black Thursday is associated with the first major panic day of the 1929 Wall Street Crash, while Black Friday has been used for several unrelated financial events.