Quinceañera identifies the young woman traditionally celebrated at the event.
The word is formed from quince, meaning fifteen, and a feminine ending. In everyday English, it is also commonly used for the party itself, so the exact meaning depends on context. Spanish-language usage can distinguish the person from fiesta de quince años, the celebration.
The term should not be confused with dama or chambelana. Those words can refer to members of the court of honor, while the quinceañera is the central celebrant. A madrina, or godmother, may help sponsor or support the event but is not the celebrant by definition.
Modern quinceañeras vary greatly in style. Some are religious, some are secular, and some are small family gatherings rather than formal receptions. Despite those differences, the word continues to point to the person whose fifteenth birthday is being honored.