What Roman mausoleum in Rome was built for Emperor Augustus and his family?

What Roman mausoleum in Rome was built for Emperor Augustus and his family? The answer is the Mausoleum of Augustus.

Augustus began this enormous circular tomb in 28 BCE on Rome’s Campus Martius, shortly after his victory at Actium. It was designed not merely as a personal grave but as an imperial family monument. Among those buried there were Augustus, his wife Livia, Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa, members of the Julio-Claudian dynasty, and several of Augustus’s descendants.

The mausoleum consisted of concentric rings of earth and brick, originally faced with travertine and planted with cypress trees. It measured about 90 metres in diameter and may have reached roughly 42 metres in height. Two pink granite obelisks flanked the entrance; they were later removed and now stand elsewhere in Rome.

It is easy to confuse this monument with the Mausoleum of Hadrian, which became Castel Sant’Angelo, or with the Pyramid of Cestius. Those are separate Roman tombs. Augustus’s mausoleum had a long afterlife: it was fortified as a castle in the Middle Ages, later used as a garden and concert hall, and underwent modern restoration.