What popular term describes extreme stretching by a black hole's tidal forces?

The popular term for extreme stretching by a black hole’s tidal forces is spaghettification.

Spaghettification occurs because gravity changes significantly across an extended object. The part closer to the black hole is pulled more strongly than the part farther away, stretching the object along the direction of its fall. At the same time, tidal forces squeeze it sideways, producing the long, thin shape suggested by the name.

The effect is not necessarily strongest at the event horizon. Around a stellar-mass black hole, tidal forces may tear an object apart before it reaches the horizon. Around a supermassive black hole, the horizon is much larger and the tidal gradient there can be relatively mild, so an astronaut might cross it without immediate dramatic stretching.

Spaghettification is caused by tidal forces, not by the black hole’s event horizon acting like a physical barrier. In idealized descriptions, stretching in one direction and compression in the perpendicular directions can approximately balance, so the object’s volume need not instantly increase. The term is also called the noodle effect.