The plant that shoots a cloud of spores through doors is Fume-shroom.
Fume-shroom is a nighttime mushroom plant in the original Plants vs. Zombies. Instead of launching a small projectile at one target, it exhales a short-range cloud of spores that damages every zombie caught in its path. The attack passes through screen doors, making Fume-shroom a natural counter to Screen Door Zombies.
That piercing effect is the key distinction in this question. Puff-shroom also attacks with spores, but its small projectile does not provide Fume-shroom’s broad cloud attack. Scaredy-shroom hides when zombies approach, while Sea-shroom is designed for use in pool lanes and does not share Fume-shroom’s door-piercing role.
Fume-shroom belongs to the game’s family of fungi that become especially valuable at night, when falling sunlight is absent. Its short range means it works best when protected by defensive plants such as Wall-nut. Players commonly pair it with Coffee Bean in daytime levels, because mushrooms normally sleep during the day.