What ornamental shrub's unripe berries cause photosensitization in livestock?

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The ornamental shrub whose unripe berries can cause photosensitization in livestock is lantana, especially Lantana camara. Its colorful flower clusters make it a popular garden plant, but the shrub can become poisonous when eaten by grazing animals such as cattle, sheep, goats, and horses.

The main toxins are pentacyclic triterpenoids called lantadenes. They damage the liver and interfere with the handling of light-sensitive compounds in the body. As a result, affected animals may develop photosensitization: exposed, lightly pigmented skin becomes unusually sensitive to sunlight, leading to redness, swelling, lesions, and peeling.

The fruit is a berry-like drupe that changes from green to dark purple as it ripens. Green, unripe fruits are particularly associated with toxicity, although other plant parts can also be harmful. Lantana is also an invasive weed in many warm regions, where dense thickets reduce pasture productivity. Its bright flowers should not be mistaken for evidence that the plant is safe for livestock.

Source: Wikipedia · fact-checked Aug. 2026

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