What nickname is commonly given to the stock-market crash of October 24, 1929?

The stock-market crash of October 24, 1929, is commonly nicknamed Black Thursday.

On that Thursday, panic selling hit the New York Stock Exchange after weeks of falling prices. Trading volume reached a then-record level, and the Dow Jones Industrial Average dropped sharply. A group of major bankers attempted to restore confidence by buying leading shares, helping prices stabilize temporarily.

The crisis continued over the following trading days. October 28 became known as Black Monday, and October 29 became Black Tuesday, when the Dow suffered another severe fall. These dates are parts of the same Wall Street Crash rather than separate unrelated crashes.

The 1929 collapse followed a period of rapid speculation, widespread buying on margin, and strong share-price growth during the 1920s. The crash itself did not single-handedly cause the Great Depression, but it damaged confidence and wealth while interacting with bank failures, falling production, and restrictive economic policies. The Dow did not regain its 1929 peak until 1954, making the episode one of the longest recoveries in major US market history.