What name is given to the severe 1973–1974 decline in global share prices linked to oil shocks and economic stagnation?

The severe global share-price decline linked to oil shocks and economic stagnation is called the 1973–1974 stock market crash.

The downturn developed amid the 1973 oil crisis, when members of the Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries restricted supplies after the Yom Kippur War. Oil prices rose dramatically, contributing to inflation, weaker economic growth, and pressure on corporate earnings. The period became associated with stagflation, a difficult combination of high inflation and sluggish activity.

In the United States, the Dow Jones Industrial Average fell substantially from its January 1973 high to its December 1974 low. Other national markets also suffered, making this a broad international bear market rather than a single-exchange event. Banking problems and the end of the postwar economic expansion added to the strain.

The crash is sometimes grouped with the 1970s energy crisis, but the terms are not identical. The energy crisis describes disruptions and price shocks; the stock-market crash describes the resulting prolonged decline in equity prices.