What name is commonly given to Leonardo da Vinci's armored vehicle driven by eight men?

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Leonardo da Vinci's armored vehicle driven by eight men is commonly called Leonardo's tank. He designed it around 1487 as a conical, turtle-like fighting machine covered with metal plates and armed with light cannons around its perimeter.

The vehicle used four large wheels connected to internal cranks. Leonardo's drawing contains a gearing error that would make the wheels turn in opposite directions, probably deliberately concealing the design from readers or reflecting a drafting mistake. A crew inside would operate the cranks while protected from enemy fire.

The machine was never built for a fifteenth-century army, and it would have been extremely heavy and difficult to maneuver. Modern reconstructions correct the gear arrangement and demonstrate the concept, but the vehicle is better understood as an armored war-engine proposal than a true modern tank.

Source: Wikipedia · fact-checked Oct. 2026

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