What mineral is thought to be the most abundant in Earth's lower mantle?

Bridgmanite is thought to be the most abundant mineral in Earth’s lower mantle.

It is a high-pressure magnesium silicate with the chemical formula (Mg,Fe)SiO₃, and it has a perovskite-type crystal structure. The mineral was officially named bridgmanite in 2014, honoring physicist Percy Bridgman, whose work advanced high-pressure science.

Bridgmanite cannot remain stable at Earth’s surface under ordinary conditions, so scientists study it through laboratory experiments, high-pressure synthesis, seismic data, and analyses of meteorites. In the lower mantle, immense pressure stabilizes its structure at depths beginning roughly 660 kilometres below the surface.

The claim is an estimate rather than a directly collected sample of the deep mantle. Bridgmanite coexists with minerals such as ferropericlase and calcium silicate perovskite. Ringwoodite is important in the mantle transition zone, while olivine is a major upper-mantle mineral but is not the best answer for the lower mantle.