What machine did Leonardo da Vinci design to print raised letters using movable type?

Leonardo da Vinci designed a printing press concept using movable type and mechanical pressure.

His notes show interest in improving the efficiency of printing through a press with coordinated mechanisms for arranging type, applying ink, and pressing paper. The idea belongs to the period after Johannes Gutenberg's mid-fifteenth-century development of European movable-type printing.

Leonardo did not invent movable-type printing, and his press was not the machine that launched the European printing revolution. Gutenberg's process was already established before Leonardo's major engineering notebooks were created.

The importance of Leonardo's design lies in his attempt to refine a contemporary technology. It is best described as a printing press concept rather than a separate invention that replaced Gutenberg's press.