What Leonardo da Vinci military vehicle had a conical armored body and was powered by people inside?

Leonardo da Vinci’s conical military vehicle is known as an armored fighting vehicle.

Leonardo designed it around 1487 for military use. The machine had a broad, conical cover made of wood and reinforced with metal plates. Its sloping outer surface was intended to deflect enemy fire, while a group of men inside would turn cranks connected to wheels.

The vehicle’s top carried a platform from which weapons could be used. It is often popularly called Leonardo’s tank, although it was not a modern tank and was never built for Renaissance warfare. A famous error in the original drawing appears to make the wheels turn in opposing directions, but historians debate whether this was deliberate, accidental, or the result of an incomplete design.

The concept anticipated some features of later armored vehicles: protection, mobility, and onboard weapons. Its practical limitations included heavy construction, difficult steering, and the physical effort required from the crew.