What Leonardo da Vinci machine used rotating blades to pump water from one level to another?

Leonardo da Vinci studied and redesigned the Archimedes' screw, a machine for raising water.

An Archimedes' screw consists of a helical surface inside a tube or around a central shaft. As the screw turns, water is carried upward along the spiral. The device was known in the ancient world and is traditionally associated with Archimedes of Syracuse, who lived in the third century BCE.

Leonardo's notebooks contain studies of screw-based water pumps and related hydraulic machines. He did not invent the ancient principle, but his drawings helped analyze its geometry and possible uses. Such pumps could support drainage, irrigation, construction, and the movement of water in canals.

The machine is easy to confuse with Leonardo's aerial screw because both use a spiral form. Their purposes were different: the water screw moves liquid, while the aerial screw was a speculative attempt at vertical flight. Modern Archimedes screws still appear in water-management and low-head hydropower systems.