What Leonardo da Vinci concept used 33 barrels to fire repeated volleys?

Leonardo da Vinci’s 33-barrel organ was a multi-barrel gun concept arranged to fire repeated volleys.

Leonardo sketched the weapon in the late fifteenth century. It consisted of multiple small cannon barrels mounted in rows on a wheeled frame. The arrangement was meant to let one row fire while another was being prepared, increasing the number of shots that could be delivered in a short period.

Despite its name, the device was not a musical organ. The term refers to the organ-like arrangement of barrels. It is also often described as a “machine gun,” but that modern label can mislead: the design did not use automatic loading, a continuous belt, or a modern firearm action.

The weapon was never established as a standard battlefield arm. Its likely advantages were a concentrated volley and simpler aiming than many separately positioned guns, while its disadvantages included heavy weight, slow reloading, and smoke.