The young woman celebrating her fifteenth birthday is called the quinceañera.
The term comes from Spanish and is pronounced approximately keen-say-ah-NYEH-rah. It is the feminine form associated with quince años, “fifteen years.” In everyday English, the word can refer to the celebrant, the party, or both, depending on context.
The quinceañera is usually the central figure in the event. She may wear a formal gown, enter with relatives or attendants, participate in a choreographed dance, and receive speeches or symbolic gifts. None of these elements is universal, because families adapt the celebration to their religious beliefs, cultural background, budget, and personal preferences.
A quinceañera should not be confused with a madrina, who is a sponsor or godmother, or a dama, who is commonly a female member of the court. A male attendant may be called a chambelán. These supporting roles are separate from the title of the birthday celebrant.