The traditional Japanese name for New Year's Eve, observed on December 31, is Ōmisoka.
Ōmisoka is the final day of the old year and one of Japan's most important annual observances. Families commonly clean their homes, settle obligations, prepare special food, and spend the evening together. Many people also visit Buddhist temples or Shinto shrines as the year changes.
A famous Ōmisoka custom is Joya no kane, the ringing of Buddhist temple bells 108 times. The number is conventionally linked with the earthly desires that cause suffering, and the ringing symbolizes entering the new year with those burdens cast off. Eating soba noodles is another widespread custom, often associated with longevity and letting go of the past.
Ōmisoka should not be confused with Shōgatsu, the New Year holiday period beginning January 1. Setsubun and Obon are different seasonal observances with their own rituals and historical meanings.