The Taoist concept of acting without force or unnatural effort is called wu wei.
Wu wei is a central idea in classical Taoist texts, especially the Tao Te Ching and the Zhuangzi. The Chinese phrase is often translated as “non-action,” but that wording can mislead readers into imagining complete passivity. It more accurately suggests action that does not fight the natural course of events or rely on needless coercion.
Taoist writers apply the idea to personal conduct, leadership, and the relationship between humans and the natural world. A skilled ruler, artisan, or sage acts effectively because their behavior is responsive and well-timed rather than strained.
Wu wei is sometimes confused with laziness or doing nothing. Classical Taoist discussions instead contrast it with forceful, artificial, or excessive action. The concept is also distinct from ren, li, and xiao, which are important Confucian terms for humanity, ritual conduct, and filial devotion.