What is the smallest breed of domestic rabbit?

The smallest breed of domestic rabbit is the Netherland Dwarf.

The Netherland Dwarf was first developed in the Netherlands during the early 20th century. Breeders crossed small Polish rabbits with smaller wild rabbits over several generations, producing a compact domestic breed with a rounded head, short ears, and a distinctive youthful appearance. Its usual weight is about 1.1 to 2.5 pounds, depending on the breed standard used.

The breed is recognized by major rabbit organizations, including the American Rabbit Breeders Association and the British Rabbit Council. It became popular as both a show rabbit and a companion animal, although early examples could be nervous or aggressive because breeders selected heavily for size. Later selective breeding generally produced friendlier temperaments.

Netherland Dwarfs are often confused with Polish rabbits, Dutch rabbits, or other dwarf breeds. Polish rabbits usually have longer ears and a less rounded head. The dwarfing gene also creates “true dwarfs,” larger “false dwarfs,” and a potentially lethal double-dwarf combination called a peanut.