What is the Russian name for Napoleon's invasion of 1812?

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What is the Russian name for Napoleon’s invasion of 1812? Patriotic War of 1812.

In Russia, Napoleon’s 1812 campaign is known as the Patriotic War of 1812, or Отечественная война 1812 года. The name reflects the conflict’s role in Russian national memory: it was portrayed as a defense of the homeland against a massive foreign invasion.

Napoleon crossed the Russian frontier on 24 June 1812 with the Grande Armée, intending to force Tsar Alexander I to obey the Continental System against Britain. Russian armies avoided a decisive early confrontation, retreating and denying the French the quick victory Napoleon expected. The costly Battle of Borodino opened the road to Moscow, but the city’s occupation did not bring peace.

The term is often confused with the Great Patriotic War, the Soviet-era name for the struggle against Nazi Germany from 1941 to 1945. Napoleon himself referred to the 1812 conflict as the Second Polish War, while English-language histories commonly call it the French invasion of Russia or the Russian campaign.

Source: Wikipedia · fact-checked Aug. 2026

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