What is the process by which plants release water vapor through leaf pores?

Transpiration is the process by which plants release water vapor through leaf pores.

Most transpiration occurs through stomata, microscopic openings commonly found on leaves. Water absorbed by roots moves through the plant’s vascular tissue and evaporates from moist internal surfaces before diffusing into the atmosphere. Stomata can open for carbon dioxide uptake during photosynthesis and close to reduce water loss.

Transpiration is part of the water cycle and contributes to evapotranspiration, the combined transfer of water from soil, vegetation, and other surfaces. It also helps move water and dissolved minerals through plants. Dry air, heat, wind, and limited soil moisture can alter the rate, while plant structure and stomatal control also matter.