What is the pre-dawn meal during Ramadan called?

The pre-dawn meal during Ramadan is called suhoor.

Suhoor is eaten before dawn, when the daily fast begins. It is the final meal before the daylight fasting period and is typically completed before the Fajr prayer. The meal may be simple or substantial, depending on local customs, family routines, and the length of the fasting day.

The word appears in several transliteration forms, including suhur, suhoor, sahur, sehri, and sahari. These variations reflect differences in Arabic pronunciation and regional usage, but they refer to the same pre-fast meal. Suhoor is sometimes confused with Fajr, which is the dawn prayer and the time marking the start of the fast.

Its counterpart is iftar, the evening meal that ends the fast at sunset. In Islamic tradition, eating suhoor is encouraged, and many Muslim communities preserve distinctive foods and wake-up customs for it, including neighborhood callers in parts of the Middle East.