What is the name of the largest global investment banks often called?

What is the name of the largest global investment banks often called? They are often called the bulge bracket.

“Bulge bracket” is an industry nickname for the biggest, most globally active investment banks. These firms typically serve multinational corporations, governments, institutional investors, and major private-equity clients. Their businesses can span mergers and acquisitions, stock and bond underwriting, sales and trading, research, foreign exchange, and derivatives.

The phrase comes from financial “tombstone” advertisements announcing securities offerings. Banks were listed by prominence, and the largest firms received larger type that appeared to bulge outward from the page. The term is descriptive rather than a legal designation, so there is no official regulator-issued membership list. Common examples have included JPMorgan Chase, Goldman Sachs, Morgan Stanley, Bank of America, Citigroup, Barclays, UBS, and Deutsche Bank.

An elite boutique may be highly prestigious and strong in advisory work, while a middle-market bank generally handles smaller or more focused transactions. Neither label is synonymous with bulge bracket.