What is the name of the island home of the Númenóreans?

The island home of the Númenóreans was Númenor, a great island kingdom in the western sea between Middle-earth and Aman. It was also called Elenna, Westernesse, and other names in Tolkien’s legendarium.

The Valar raised Númenor as a reward for the Edain, the Men who had fought against Morgoth in the First Age. Elros Tar-Minyatur, the half-elven son of Eärendil, chose mortality and became the island’s first king. Under his descendants, Númenor developed into the greatest civilization of Men, famous for shipbuilding, exploration, learning, and unusually long lifespans.

Númenor’s history eventually became a tragedy. Many of its people grew jealous of the Elves’ immortality and rebelled against the Valar. Influenced by Sauron, King Ar-Pharazôn led an invasion toward Aman, and the island was destroyed in the cataclysm called the Downfall of Númenor. Tolkien intended the story to echo the legend of Atlantis.