The international financial institution founded at Bretton Woods in 1944 to provide loans for reconstruction was the World Bank.
More precisely, the institution created at the conference was the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), the original core of what became the World Bank Group. Delegates from 44 countries met at the Mount Washington Hotel in New Hampshire in July 1944, while World War II was still underway.
The IBRD initially focused on helping war-damaged European economies rebuild. Its first loan, approved in 1947, went to France for postwar reconstruction. As the Marshall Plan assumed much of Europe’s rebuilding role, the World Bank shifted toward financing infrastructure and development projects worldwide.
A common mix-up is the International Monetary Fund, also created at Bretton Woods. The IMF primarily supports monetary stability and balance-of-payments needs, while the World Bank provides longer-term development financing. Today, “World Bank” commonly refers especially to the IBRD and the International Development Association.