What is the name of the filter developed by Charles Chamberland to remove bacteria from liquids?

The filter developed by Charles Chamberland to remove bacteria from liquids is called the Chamberland filter. It is also known as the Pasteur–Chamberland filter because Chamberland worked in Louis Pasteur’s laboratory.

Developed in 1884, the device used a porous, unglazed porcelain tube. Its pores were small enough to trap bacteria while allowing the liquid to pass through, making it useful for producing bacteria-free water and for laboratory experiments. Pressurizing the incoming liquid helped force it through the ceramic material.

The filter became important in the development of microbiology and early virology. Researchers discovered that some disease-causing substances, later understood as viruses, could pass through filters that retained bacteria. This distinction helped establish that infectious agents could be smaller than bacteria. A Berkefeld filter was another ceramic filtration device, while a HEPA filter is a modern air-filtration technology; neither is the specific answer to this question.