What is the name of the elected committee that handles serious disputes on the English Wikipedia?

The elected committee that handles serious disputes on the English Wikipedia is the Arbitration Committee.

Usually shortened to ArbCom, it is a panel of experienced Wikipedia editors that makes binding decisions in the encyclopedia’s most difficult conduct and editorial disputes. The committee was formally created on 4 December 2003 by Wikipedia co-founder Jimmy Wales, after the community developed separate mediation and arbitration processes.

ArbCom is often compared with a court because it can impose editing restrictions, topic bans, interaction bans, and sanctions against editors or administrators. That comparison is only approximate: it is not a legal court, and its authority comes from Wikipedia’s community rules and Wikimedia’s project structure. It generally handles cases involving serious misconduct, abuse of administrative tools, or disputes that ordinary discussion and mediation cannot resolve.

A common mix-up is the Mediation Committee, which was designed to help disputing editors reach agreement. Mediation is intended to resolve conflict collaboratively; the Arbitration Committee is the final internal decision-making panel for cases that require a ruling.