The modern name of the ancient Indian port city of Barygaza is Bharuch.
Bharuch is located in present-day Gujarat on the Narmada River near the Gulf of Khambhat. Its position connected inland India with maritime routes across the Arabian Sea, making it an important entrepôt for trade between India, the Mediterranean world, Arabia, and East Africa.
Greek and Roman writers referred to the port as Barygaza or Barigaza. The name appears prominently in the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, a 1st-century CE navigation and trade guide describing Indian Ocean ports, goods, and sailing routes. Seasonal monsoon winds helped ships travel between the Red Sea and India, while the Narmada provided access to inland markets.
Bharuch has also been known by other historical names, including Bharukaccha and Broach. “Barygaza” is therefore not a different modern city but an ancient Greek rendering of the place-name associated with Bharuch. Commonly confused alternatives such as Surat and Mumbai are also important western Indian ports, but neither is the modern identity of Barygaza.