What is the largest penguin species, according to the emperor penguin’s scientific record?

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The emperor penguin is the largest penguin species. Adult emperor penguins can reach about 122 centimetres in height and weigh roughly 22 to 45 kilograms, although weight changes substantially through the breeding cycle.

Emperor penguins live around Antarctica and breed during the continent’s winter, when temperatures can fall below −40 °C. The female lays a single egg, and the male balances it on his feet beneath a fold of skin called a brood pouch while she travels to feed.

The king penguin is a common mix-up because it is also tall and has bright orange-yellow markings. However, the king penguin is generally smaller. Emperor penguins are also different from most penguins because they breed on sea ice during the Antarctic winter rather than in warmer coastal seasons.

Source: Wikipedia · fact-checked Sept. 2026

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