What is the energy of moving parts called?

What is the energy of moving parts called? The answer is kinetic energy.

Kinetic energy is the energy an object possesses because it is moving. It applies to individual objects, connected machine components, and systems whose parts move relative to one another.

For an object moving in a straight line at ordinary speeds, kinetic energy is calculated as one-half its mass multiplied by the square of its speed: K = ½mv². This means that increasing speed has a particularly strong effect on the amount of energy.

Rotating components also have kinetic energy. Their rotational kinetic energy depends on their moment of inertia and angular velocity, using the expression K = ½Iω². A machine's total kinetic energy can include both translational and rotational contributions from its moving parts.

Mechanical energy is a broader term: it combines kinetic energy with potential energy. Therefore, it is less precise than kinetic energy for energy associated specifically with motion.