The chemical symbol for the metal element tungsten is W. The symbol comes from wolfram, an older name for the element that remains in use in several languages. Tungsten has atomic number 74 and is known for its exceptionally high melting point.
Tungsten's melting point is about 3,422 degrees Celsius, the highest of all elements except carbon under commonly cited comparisons. Its density and ability to remain strong at high temperatures make it useful in specialist applications, including electrical contacts, cutting tools, heavy metal alloys, and aerospace components.
The element was identified as distinct in 1783 by Spanish chemists Juan José and Fausto Elhuyar. The name tungsten comes from Swedish words meaning “heavy stone.” A common mix-up is the symbol: unlike the English name, the letter W reflects wolfram rather than tungsten. Tungsten carbide is a compound, not the pure element itself.