Bilbo Baggins’s family name in J.R.R. Tolkien’s The Hobbit is Baggins.
Bilbo is introduced as a hobbit who lives in Bag End, a comfortable home in Hobbiton. His surname reflects his respectable, domestic Baggins side, while his mother, Belladonna Took, connects him to the more adventurous Took family. Tolkien uses this family contrast to explain why Bilbo can be both a comfort-loving hobbit and an unexpectedly brave traveler.
Bilbo joins Thorin Oakenshield and the Company of Dwarves on a quest to reclaim the Lonely Mountain from Smaug. During the journey he finds the Ring in the goblin tunnels, an event that becomes central to the later story of Middle-earth.
Took, Brandybuck, and Gamgee are also important hobbit family names, but they belong to other characters or branches. Bilbo’s own surname remains Baggins throughout the novel.