What Greek word for hope remains in Pandora's jar in Hesiod's Works and Days?

The story behind the answer

Elpis is the Greek word for hope that remains in Pandora's jar in Hesiod's Works and Days.

The Greek noun elpis is commonly translated as “hope,” though its meaning can cover expectation or anticipation depending on context. In Hesiod's account, the jar releases harmful forces into the world, but Elpis stays inside after Pandora closes the lid.

This wording has prompted extensive interpretation. Some readers understand Hope as a consolation preserved for humans; others argue that its confinement reflects a more ambiguous or pessimistic view. The ancient text itself gives the event without resolving every later philosophical question about whether Hope is beneficial.

The answer is not “hope” if the question specifically asks for the Greek word. Elpis is the transliterated form used in scholarly discussion. Ananke means necessity, Eros means desire or love, and Nike means victory; none names the occupant in Hesiod's jar.

Source: Wikipedia · fact-checked Oct. 2026

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