What did Turing call the randomly connected machine models in his 1948 report Intelligent Machinery?

In his 1948 report Intelligent Machinery, Turing called the randomly connected machine models unorganized machines.

The report described systems whose initial connections were largely random but whose behaviour could be trained or organized to perform useful tasks. Turing was especially interested in whether such systems could model aspects of the infant human cortex and nervous system.

He outlined two important forms. A-type machines were essentially randomly connected networks of NAND logic gates. B-type machines added connection modifiers to those links, allowing the network to be altered through what Turing described as an educational process. This made the machines early examples of connectionist or neural-network thinking.

The report was written in 1948 but remained unpublished until 1969, so its ideas were not widely known at the time. “Unorganised” is the British spelling often found in discussions of the original text; “unorganized machines” is the same canonical term in American spelling. They should not be confused with cellular automata or perceptrons.