What device did Leonardo da Vinci design to pump water using centrifugal force?

Leonardo da Vinci designed a centrifugal pump to move water using centrifugal force.

In a centrifugal pump, a rotating impeller accelerates liquid outward from its center. The casing then helps convert the liquid’s motion into pressure, allowing water to flow through an outlet.

Leonardo’s hydraulic studies included pumps, channels, valves, and other machines for controlling water. His drawings explored how rotating components could make water-raising work more efficient.

The term centrifugal pump describes the operating principle, not one single Renaissance machine. Leonardo did not invent every form of water pump, and his sketches were design studies rather than evidence that he built a modern industrial pump.