What battle in 490 BC was a Greek victory over Persia?

What battle in 490 BC was a Greek victory over Persia? It was the Battle of Marathon, a decisive Athenian-led victory during the first Persian invasion of Greece.

Persian forces landed near Marathon in Attica after capturing Eretria. Athens sent an army commanded by generals including Miltiades, and a smaller contingent from Plataea joined the defense. The Greeks attacked the Persian force on the plain of Marathon and routed it, forcing the survivors to retreat to their ships.

The battle mattered far beyond its immediate military result. It showed that the Achaemenid Empire’s armies could be defeated by a Greek city-state. The Persian defeat also encouraged Darius I to prepare another invasion, though his plans were delayed by revolts and his death. His son Xerxes eventually led the second invasion in 480 BC.

Marathon is commonly confused with Salamis, Thermopylae, and Plataea. Thermopylae was a Persian victory, Salamis was a Greek naval victory in 480 BC, and Plataea was the decisive Greek land victory that ended Xerxes’ invasion. The modern marathon race takes its name from the battle, though the famous runner story developed later.