What 1935 laws stripped German Jews of their citizenship?

The 1935 laws that stripped German Jews of citizenship were the Nuremberg Laws.

Adopted on 15 September 1935 at a special session of the Reichstag during the Nazi Party’s Nuremberg Rally, the laws institutionalized antisemitic racial discrimination. The Reich Citizenship Law limited full political citizenship to people classified as having “German or related blood,” reducing Jews to state subjects without equal civic rights.

The Law for the Protection of German Blood and German Honour banned marriages and sexual relations between Jews and Germans. A supplementary decree issued on 14 November 1935 supplied racial definitions based largely on ancestry and brought the citizenship provisions into effect. These measures made racial classification a central instrument of Nazi rule.

The Nuremberg Laws did not begin the persecution of German Jews, which had already included boycotts, professional exclusions, and other discriminatory measures. Instead, they created a legal framework for escalating dispossession and exclusion, contributing to the later persecution and mass murder of European Jews.

Kristallnacht was a violent pogrom in 1938, while the Enabling Act was a 1933 measure that expanded Hitler’s governing power.