What 1861 textbook by Mendeleev won the Demidov Prize?

Mendeleev’s 1861 textbook Organic Chemistry won the Demidov Prize.

The book was Mendeleev’s first major chemistry textbook and was written soon after he returned to Russia from his European scientific travels. It was published in 1861 and helped establish him as a serious chemist and teacher. The work attempted to organize the rapidly expanding knowledge of carbon compounds for Russian students.

Mendeleev developed a classification approach sometimes called his “theory of limits,” grouping organic substances according to their degree of saturation and substitution. Although later structural theories replaced this framework, the textbook was an important early effort to give organic chemistry a systematic structure.

The prize is sometimes dated 1862 because the Demidov award was conferred after publication. That timing does not change the answer: the 1861 book itself was Organic Chemistry, not Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry, or Inorganic Chemistry.