The “Ludovisi Gaul” is believed to copy a Greek original from the Hellenistic kingdom of Pergamon.
The marble statue, also called the Galatian Suicide, shows a Gaulish or Galatian warrior killing his wife before turning the sword on himself. It is generally considered a Roman copy, probably made in the early second century AD, of a lost Hellenistic bronze created around 230–220 BC. The original is associated with the Attalid dynasty and its capital, Pergamon, in western Anatolia.
The monument probably celebrated Attalus I’s victories over the Galatians, Celtic peoples who had settled in Asia Minor. The Ludovisi Gaul is therefore connected to the same artistic and political context as the better-known Dying Gaul. “Pergamon” is sometimes described as a city, a kingdom or an Attalid state; those labels refer to the same intended answer here.
The statue was rediscovered in Rome during excavations connected with the Villa Ludovisi and is now displayed at Palazzo Altemps, part of the National Roman Museum.