The 1908 Messina earthquake and tsunami struck Sicily and Calabria. Calabria is the mainland Italian region directly opposite Sicily across the Strait of Messina.
On 28 December 1908, a magnitude-7.1 earthquake struck beneath or near the Strait. Messina was devastated on the Sicilian side, while Reggio Calabria and other Calabrian communities suffered catastrophic destruction on the mainland. The shaking lasted roughly 37 seconds, and subsequent tsunami waves reached heights of up to about 12 metres in places.
The disaster killed approximately 120,000 people, though historical estimates vary. The timing worsened the toll: many residents were asleep, buildings collapsed, and survivors who fled toward the waterfront were exposed to the tsunami. A common mix-up is to name Reggio Calabria as the answer; it is the major mainland city affected, but the question asks for the region, Calabria.