On which river are the Giza pyramids located?

On which river are the Giza pyramids located? They are located beside the Nile River.

The pyramids stand on the Giza Plateau, on the west bank of the Nile in modern Giza, across the river from central Cairo. In ancient Egyptian religious tradition, the west was associated with the setting sun and the realm of the dead, making the western desert edge a fitting location for royal funerary monuments.

The river was also crucial to construction. Limestone from Tura, on the Nile’s eastern side, was transported by boat to Giza for the smooth outer casing of the Great Pyramid. Granite from Aswan, far to the south, was likewise moved north along the river system. A now-dry Nile branch or channel once brought water much closer to the building site than the modern river does.

The Nile did not simply provide a route for stone. Its annual flood supported agriculture, transport, and the large workforce needed for royal building projects. This is why the Giza pyramids are connected to the Nile even though the monuments themselves rise on desert plateau rather than in the river channel.