The United States Declaration of Independence was adopted by Congress on July 4, 1776.
The Second Continental Congress approved the final wording in Philadelphia after several days of debate and revision. The document announced that the Thirteen Colonies regarded themselves as independent states rather than colonies governed by Great Britain.
July 4 marks adoption of the Declaration, not necessarily the date when every delegate signed the parchment engrossed copy. The formal parchment document was signed primarily on August 2, 1776, although some signatures were added later. This distinction causes frequent confusion because the document itself is dated July 4.
Congress had already approved the Lee Resolution on July 2, which declared that the colonies were free and independent states. The Declaration explained and justified that decision, listing grievances against King George III and presenting the political case for independence.