On what date did the S&P 500 reach its pre-pandemic closing peak before the 2020 stock-market crash?

The S&P 500 reached its pre-pandemic closing peak on February 19, 2020, before the 2020 stock-market crash.

The index closed at a record high that day as investors continued to assess the economic effects of COVID-19. Over the following weeks, rapidly changing expectations about travel, business activity, employment, and public-health restrictions caused a severe global sell-off.

The S&P 500 entered a bear market on March 12, 2020, after falling more than 20% from its February peak. The Dow Jones Industrial Average and other major indexes also recorded exceptionally sharp declines, while several U.S. market circuit breakers were triggered.

February 19 is sometimes confused with March 9, March 12, or March 16, which were major later stages of the decline. The exact date in this question refers to the closing high before the crash, not the first day of a circuit-breaker halt.