The Surrealist Manifesto was published in 1924.
The date usually refers to André Breton’s Manifeste du surréalisme, published in Paris on 15 October 1924 by Éditions du Sagittaire. Breton’s text helped define Surrealism as a movement rooted in imagination, dreams, unconscious thought and “pure psychic automatism.” It was originally conceived in connection with his book Poisson soluble.
The year can cause confusion because Breton later issued a Second Manifesto of Surrealism in 1929, which appeared in book form in 1930. That later text intensified the movement’s internal disputes and addressed its political and artistic direction, but it does not change the publication year of the first manifesto.
There is also a historical wrinkle: Yvan Goll published another manifesto using the French title Manifeste du surréalisme on 1 October 1924. Breton’s version became the canonical manifesto associated with Surrealism, making 1924 the correct year for the standard quiz question.