The first Rose Parade took place on New Year's Day in Pasadena, California, in 1890.
The event began as the Tournament of Roses Parade, organized by members of Pasadena's Valley Hunt Club. The founders wanted to showcase Southern California's mild winter climate to people in colder parts of the United States. The inaugural parade featured decorated horse-drawn carriages, floral displays, and other attractions rather than the enormous television spectacle associated with the modern event.
The parade grew alongside the Rose Bowl football game, which was first played in 1902 and later became a regular New Year's Day tradition. Floats are now famous for their extensive use of natural flowers and other plant materials, while marching bands and equestrian units add to the procession.
The Rose Parade is held on January 1 when that date falls on a Monday; under its traditional scheduling rule, it moves to January 2 instead. That rule prevents the parade from conflicting with the Rose Bowl game, so the parade is not literally held every January 1.