UNESCO added mariachi to its Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2011. The listing recognizes mariachi music as a cultural practice from Mexico, where it is frequently performed at quinceañeras.
UNESCO describes mariachi as music involving string instruments, singing, and repertories connected with Mexican history and identity. Performers commonly wear charro-inspired clothing, although stage and regional styles vary.
The recognition does not mean mariachi began in 2011. The tradition developed over earlier centuries, especially in western Mexico, and spread nationally through radio, recordings, film, and touring ensembles during the twentieth century.
At a quinceañera, mariachi can accompany a religious service, serenade the celebrant, or provide dance music. Families in the United States and other countries may hire Mexican ensembles, demonstrating how heritage practices travel with diaspora communities.