In the myth of Pandora, which Titan is punished by Zeus for giving fire to humanity?

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In the myth of Pandora, Prometheus is the Titan punished by Zeus for giving fire to humanity.

Prometheus is a Titan known for helping humans. In the version associated with Hesiod, he tricks Zeus during a sacrifice and later steals fire for mortals. Zeus responds by arranging punishment for both Prometheus and humanity. Pandora’s creation is presented as part of that response.

Prometheus’s own punishment is separate from Pandora’s story. In the best-known later form, Zeus has him chained to a rock while an eagle repeatedly eats his liver, which grows back. Hesiod’s surviving accounts establish the punishment but differ in detail from later expanded versions.

Prometheus and Pandora are therefore connected, but they are not spouses or co-creators. Epimetheus, Prometheus’s brother, accepts Pandora despite the warning against accepting gifts from Zeus. That distinction is one of the most frequent points of confusion in summaries of the myth.

Source: Wikipedia · fact-checked Oct. 2026

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