In Russia’s Novy God traditions, Ded Moroz is the Father Frost figure who delivers presents on New Year’s Eve. His name literally means “Grandfather Frost,” and he is the central gift-bringer of the secular Russian New Year celebration.
Ded Moroz is usually portrayed in a long winter coat, often blue, white, or red, and commonly carries a magical staff. Unlike the Western Santa Claus tradition, he is especially associated with New Year’s celebrations rather than Christmas. He may arrive at children’s parties, where children recite poems, sing, or perform before receiving gifts.
Ded Moroz is often accompanied by Snegurochka, the Snow Maiden. She is traditionally presented as his granddaughter and helper. Santa Claus, Père Noël, and Sinterklaas belong to different cultural traditions, even though all are gift-bringing winter figures.