In Pandora’s Box (1929), the film based on Frank Wedekind’s Lulu plays, what is Lulu’s surname?

The story behind the answer

Lulu has no surname in Pandora’s Box (1929); the character is identified simply as Lulu.

The film adapts Frank Wedekind’s plays Earth Spirit and Pandora’s Box, in which Lulu is likewise presented primarily by her first name. Her relationships with powerful men and her refusal to conform drive the narrative, while the absence of a conventional family name reinforces her role as an enigmatic figure.

Louise Brooks played Lulu under the direction of G. W. Pabst. The character’s name has become closely associated with the film, but it is not a shortened form of a clearly stated longer name in the movie.

This is a naming detail rather than a question about Pandora from Greek mythology. The film’s title uses the mythological image, while Lulu belongs to Wedekind’s modern dramatic world.

Source: Wikipedia · fact-checked Oct. 2026

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