In Leonardo da Vinci's inventions, what machine used a large screw to lift water?

Leonardo da Vinci studied and designed versions of Archimedes' screw, a machine that lifts water through a rotating spiral.

The device consists of a helical surface enclosed in a tube or trough. As the screw turns, water becomes trapped between the spiral and its casing and moves upward. Leonardo investigated the mechanism as part of his broader work on hydraulics and water engineering.

The invention was not originally Leonardo’s. It is traditionally attributed to Archimedes, who lived in the third century BCE. Leonardo’s contribution was to analyze, depict, and adapt the ancient technology for Renaissance engineering projects.

An Archimedes’ screw is different from Leonardo’s aerial screw. Both use a spiral form, but the water screw transports liquid while the aerial screw was proposed as a flying machine.